[72] The only casualty was Dutch Charley Kruling, a Dolan man wounded by a rifle slug fired by George Coe at a distance of 440 paces. I went in and was the first to discover that they had killed my little boy. [99] Wallace, however, refused to intervene,[99] and the Kid's trial was held in April 1881 in Mesilla. Wherever they were living, history picks up the family's trail in Santa Fe, New Mexico at the First Presbyterian Church . [9][10] Some genealogists argue, however, that the future outlaw was born William Henry Bonney, the son of William Harrison Bonney and wife Katherine Boujean, paternal grandson of Levi Bonney and wife Rhoda Pratt and great-grandson of Obadiah Pratt, who in turn were the Grandparents of Mormon leader Parley P. Pratt, making him and McCarty first cousins once removed. The man went under the name of John Miller and lived in the country southeast of Ramah, around Cerro Alto. After he escaped from prison in 1881, he'd adopted the name Oliver P. Roberts, which he lived under for the rest of his life until his death in 1950. [48] Although members of the Murphy-Dolan faction sought to frame Tunstall's death as a "justifiable homicide", evidence at the scene suggested that Tunstall attempted to avoid a confrontation before he was shot down. The Death Of Billy The Kid, 1881. The Regulators began to panic, so the cool-headed Billy the Kid, only about seventeen years old, took over leadership of the men. The governor agreed and promised the Kid a full pardon. Here are five facts to prove it. Tunstall noticed something different about this rustler, he wasnt rough like the other men, but just a boy who got a bad start in life and was looking for place to belong. " Billy the Kid " is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Billy Dean. Sensing trouble, the Kid casually approached Grant and remarked, Thats a mighty nice looking six-shooter you got. He then slipped Grants gun out of its holster, spun its cylinder so that its next shot would be an empty chamber, and handed it back. The Kid was successful in getting a drop on the lone guard, Deputy James Bell, by slipping his hand out of the handcuffs and using the heavy restraints to hit the deputy over the head. It was released in May 1992 as the third single from his 1991 album Billy Dean. For the next 2 years the Kid tramped around as a ranch hand and gambler. [47] "As a wry and macabre joke on Tunstall's great affection for horses, the dead bay's head was then pillowed on his hat", writes Frederick Nolan, Tunstall's biographer. So they took the law in their own hands. [44] A conflict known today as the Lincoln County War had erupted between the established town merchants, Lawrence Murphy and James Dolan, and competing business interests headed by Tunstall and McSween. Billy the Kid, byname of William H. Bonney, Jr., original name Henry McCarty?, (born November 23, 1859?, New York, New York, U.S.died July 14, 1881, Fort Sumner, New Mexico), American outlaw who was one of the most notorious gunfighters of the American West. Abrana Garcia lived in Fort Sumner at the time Billy the Kid frequented the town. The pair had been searching for McCarty's physical remains since 2003, starting in Fort Sumner, New Mexico, and eventually ending up in Arizona. McCarty was loyal to the memory of Tunstall, though not necessarily to McSween. Its estimated that he was born around 1860-61 possibly in New York. Until the death of his mother in 1874, Billy led a fairly normal life . When the men began to run out of the burning house the Dolan side opened fire and all hell broke loose. In 1870 the two accompanied each other to Wichita, Kansas and settled in different homes. [46] After murdering Tunstall, the gunmen shot down his prized bay horse. After a short stay in Kansas, his mother eventually settled in New Mexico, where Billy would earn his fame. [67] During the gun battle that ensued, Roberts shot and killed the Regulators' leader, Dick Brewer. That is, unless he was buried in the middle of Texas. Willie Nelson's 90th birthday celebration looked like a hell of a time. [35], George Coe, a cousin to Frank who also served as a Regulator, stated: "Billy was a brave, resourceful and honest boy. The song spent twenty weeks on the Hot Country Songs chart in 1992, peaking at number four. Partner of Paulita Jaramillo, alleged girlfriend of Billy the Kid; Celsa Gutierrez; Maria Manuelita Martinez Herrera, alleged girlfriend of BTK and Nasaria Yerby, alleged girlfriend of BTK Tom Sullivan, a former sheriff of Lincoln County, and Steve Sederwall, a former mayor of Capitan, disinterred the bones of John Miller in May 2005. At the time Brady arrested them, the two men were attempting to serve a warrant on Brady for his suspected role in looting Tunstall's store after the Englishman's death, as well as his posse members for the murder of Tunstall. On the run again and an outlaw, the Kid went back to making a living the only way he knew how rustling. McCarty retrieved the gun, and turned it on Bell when the pair had reached the top of a flight of stairs in the courthouse. History first traces the Kid as a youngster in Indiana in the late 1860s and then in Wichita, Kansas in 1870. He would practice shooting at anything he saw, from every conceivable angle, on and off his horse". [32] On August 17, Cahill reportedly attacked McCarty after a verbal exchange and threw him to the ground. Story from an adaptation by Rod Serling of a Charles Neider novelization of Billy the Kid's life, with a later revision among others by Sam Peckinpah. The ABC series Maverick featured an episode where Bret (James Garner) meets several outlaws, including Billy the Kid. He said he had lived incognito for decades but. Director: Oliver Drake | Stars: Anthony Dexter, Sonny Tufts, Marie Windsor, Charles 'Buddy' Rogers Votes: 147 15. According to legend, he killed 21 men, but he is generally accepted to have killed between four and nine. [9][10] While his biological father remains an obscure figure, some researchers have theorized that his name was Patrick McCarty, Michael McCarty, William McCarty, or Edward McCarty. [42] Through them he met Frank Coe, George Coe and Ab Saunders, three cousins who owned their own ranch near to the ranch of Dick Brewer. )[114] Indeed, the notion of a left-handed Billy became so entrenched that, in 1958, a film biography of "the Kid" (starring Paul Newman) was titled The Left Handed Gun. [109] A markedly different theory, in which Garrett and his posse set a trap for McCarty, has also been suggested. Then they ambushed Sheriff Brady and his deputy George Hindman in Lincoln (5). The Law vs Billy the Kid (1954, Columbia Pictures Corporation) starring Scott Brady. He also recorded it in 1944 for Moe Asch's Asch/Folkways label (MA67).[128]. [115] More recently, in response to a story from The Guardian that used an uncorrected McCarty ferrotype, Clyde Jeavons, a former curator of the National Film and Television Archive, cited their work and added: This particular reproduction error has occurred so often in books and other publications over the years that it has led to the myth that Billy the Kid was left-handed, for which there is no evidence. Sarah Brown, the owner of a boarding house, gave him room and board in exchange for work. Wilson. [27] In 1876, he settled in the vicinity of Fort Grant Army Post in Arizona, where he worked local ranches and tested his skills at local gaming houses. The crime only carried a minor sentence, but rather than face punishment, the wiry youth escaped the jailhouse by shimmying up a chimney. "[41], In the Autumn of 1877, McCarty (now widely known as Bonney) moved to Lincoln County, New Mexico, and was first hired by Doc Scurlock and Charlie Bowdre to work in their cheese factory. Dolan's gunmen and newly appointed sheriff, George Peppin and his men, had the McSween house surrounded with Alex McSween and many of the Regulators trapped in side. [19] Although she was fondly remembered by onetime boarders and neighbors as "a jolly Irish lady, full of life and mischief",[20] she was already in the final stages of tuberculosis when the family reached Silver City. He then armed himself with a double-barreled shotgun and gunned down a second guard who was crossing the street. Young Guns II, Geoff Murphy's 1990 motion picture starring Emilio Estevez as Billy and William Petersen as Pat Garrett. [81], In the Autumn of 1878, a former Union Army general, Lew Wallace, became Governor of the New Mexico Territory. Even in death Billy the Kid is likeable and he has a large following with people all over the word. [95] On December 23, the Kid was tracked to an abandoned stone building located in a remote location known as Stinking Springs (near present-day Taiban, New Mexico). McCarty was transported from Fort Sumner to Las Vegas, where he gave an interview to a reporter from the Las Vegas Gazette. [108] Recognizing McCarty's voice, Garrett drew his own pistol and fired twice, the first bullet striking McCarty just above his heart, killing him. On the night of July 14, 1881, Garrett went to the home of rancher Peter Maxwell to question him about the outlaws whereabouts. [118] In 2004, researchers sought to exhume the remains of Catherine Antrim, McCarty's mother, "so her DNA could be tested and compared with DNA to be taken from the body buried under the Kid's gravestone". Omissions? After the death of his father, he traveled west with his mother ending up in Silver City, New Mexico Territory in 1873. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Billy-the-Kid-American-outlaw, American Heritage - Billy the Kid: From Outlaw to Legend, PBS - American Experience - The Life and Legend of Billy the Kid, Billy the Kid - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Billy the Kid's real name? Catherine was suffering from consumption and her health began to deteriorate rapidly. As he entered Maxwells darkened bedroom, he spotted the shadowy outline of Garrett and once again asked, Whos that? Upon recognizing the Kids voice, Sheriff Garrett drew his six-shooter and fired off two rounds in his direction. [69], After Brewer's death, Frank McNab was elected as captain of the Regulators. After a short standoff, Billy the Kid came out and surrendered. Billy was never in any trouble at all. We strive for accuracy and fairness. New Lincoln County Sheriff Pat Garrett and his posse captured Billy the Kid at a place called Stinking Springs on December 23, 1880. The tensions finally boiled over in February 1878, when Tunstall was murdered by a posse organized by Sheriff William Brady, a supporter of The House. When McCarty arrived, Garrett was waiting behind Paulita's bed and shot the Kid. [86] He then informed Grant of his identity. Also known as: Brushy Bill, Henry McCarty, William H. Bonney, Jr. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. The Kid was the only one convicted and punished over the events of the war. Now the Dolan side struck back. [120] DNA samples from the remains were sent to a lab in Dallas, Texas, to be compared with traces of blood obtained from a bench that was believed to be the one upon which McCarty's body was placed after he was shot to death. He never pushed in his advice or opinions, but he had a wonderful presence of mind. Ostensibly neutral, the column's actions worked to the clear advantage of the Dolan faction. [14] In 1873, after several years of moving around the country, the two were married at the First Presbyterian Church in Santa Fe, New Mexico,[15] and settled further south in Silver City. McSween and three men were killed, but Billy the Kid and the others escaped into the darkness. He was familiar with the Kids habits and hideouts, which may show that Garrett may have been a rustler himself or at one time may have ridden with the Kid. Billy the Kid's DEATH PHOTO displayed in a 1920s museum in Fort Sumner, New Mexico. Hardly a moron, Billy received at least some formal schooling while he lived in Silver City, New Mexico. The gang made their way to Lincoln County where the Boys joined forces with James Dolan, who was currently in a feud against an Englishman entrepreneur named John Tunstall and his attorney and partner Alex McSween. [89] A posse member named James Carlyle[90] ventured into the house under a white flag, in an effort to negotiate the group's surrender. They were now viewed as the bad guys and warrants were put out for their arrest. Updated: April 8, 2020 | Original: July 14, 2016. Ry Cooder recorded the folk song "Billy the Kid", on the album Into The Purple Valley,[129] with his own melody and instrumental. "As [McCarty] was leaving the saloon, his back turned to Grant, he heard a distinct click. [17] At age 14, McCarty was taken in by a neighboring family who operated a hotel where he worked to pay for his keep. McCarty vehemently denied shooting Carlysle,[89] and later wrote to Governor Wallace, claiming to be innocent of this crime and others attributed to him. [38] It is unclear how long McCarty rode with the gang of rustlers known as "the Boys", but reliable sources indicate that he soon turned up at the house of Heiskell Jones in the Pecos Valley,[39] New Mexico. Henry McCarty; aka Billy the Kid; aka Willian H Bonney (he used his grandfather's name). His negotiations with Governor Lew Wallace (famed Civil War general and author of the novel Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ) for amnesty came to nothing. This was done to prevent an accidental discharge should the hammer be struck. 20:30. The next morning, a cattle rustler named Charlie Bowdre stepped outside to feed his horse. [57] The incident had the effect of further alienating the public, given that many local residents "admired the way Roberts put up a gutsy fight against overwhelming odds". [112] A number of the Regulators faded away or secured amnesty, but McCarty was in no position to accomplish either. The arrangement called for McCarty to submit to a token arrest and a short stay in jail until the conclusion of his courtroom testimony. When Grant fired, nothing happened, and McCarty then shot him. The Kid then jerked Bell's pistol and told him to throw up his hands, but instead the deputy ran and the Kid had no choice but to shoot him. Beginning of a short life On November 23, 1859, Henry McCarty was born in New York City but moved to Kansas with his family when he was very young. [59] Notably, Axtell refused to acknowledge the existence of the so-called "Santa Fe Ring", a group of corrupt Republican politicians and business leaders led by U.S. Attorney Thomas Benton Catron. [60] Catron cooperated closely with the Murphy-Dolan faction, which was perceived as part of the notorious "ring". [17] Nevertheless, young McCarty often used the surname "Antrim" when referring to himself. [2] Some historians speculate that his image was created deliberately to distract the public's attention from the nefarious activities of the Dolan faction and their influential supporters in Santa Fe, notably regional political leader Thomas Benton Catron. Husband of Abrana Garcia, alleged wife of BTK and Juana Montoya "La Tullida" Patron, alleged girlfriend of BTK Blyth previously appeared in Benediction. [97] As the lawmen began to cook breakfast over an open fire, Garrett and McCarty engaged in a friendly exchange, with Garrett inviting McCarty outside to eat, and McCarty inviting Garrett to "go to hell". Some of those who witnessed the incident later claimed that McCarty acted in self-defense. But in 1950, a Texas man named "Brushy Bill" Roberts claimed that he was the real Billy the Kid and that someone else had been shot in his place. After a short stint working on the ranch of Henry Hooker, McCarty began working on the Coe-Saunders ranch.
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